In the skin, retinol is converted in several steps into retinoic acid, the form that acts on skin cells. It speeds up cell turnover and helps skin build more collagen. Over time, fine lines, wrinkles, dark spots and uneven texture can become less visible.
Skincare uses several forms of vitamin A. Retinyl palmitate is the gentlest but also the weakest. Retinal (retinaldehyde) is one step closer to retinoic acid and works faster. Hydroxypinacolone retinoate is a newer form that most people find gentle.
How to use: Start slowly with a low strength two or three evenings a week, then build up. Apply a pea-sized amount to dry skin in the evening and follow with moisturiser. It usually takes a few weeks to see results.
At first your skin may become dry, flaky or red. This adjustment phase usually passes once your skin is used to retinol. Avoid using it on the same evening as strong acids.
Good to know: Retinol makes skin more sensitive to the sun, so wear sun protection every day. Pregnant and breastfeeding women are advised to avoid retinoids.
